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为探究微塑料丰度与施氮量对土壤水氮运移特性的影响，开展了室内一维土柱模拟实验，研究了2种聚乙烯微塑料丰度(低丰度0.3%,A;高丰度0.6%,B)、2种施氮量(300、600 mg/L)、2种不施氮处理及对照组共计7种处理对土壤入渗湿润锋、累积入渗量及硝态氮含量的影响，同时监测土壤剖面含水率，并拟合了湿润锋推进模型和2种主要入渗模型。结果表明：在不施氮的条件下，高微塑料丰度促进了土壤水分入渗，而低微塑料丰度减缓了土壤水分入渗；高施氮量条件下整体促进了土壤水分入渗，低微塑料丰度的入渗能力优于高微塑料丰度，而高微塑料丰度表现出更强的氮素保留能力；低施氮量条件下整体抑制入渗，低微塑料丰度对入渗的抑制作用大于高丰度，但其氮素保留能力优于高丰度；各处理湿润锋运移距离与时间的关系遵循幂函数变化，Kostiakov和Philip模型都能较好地模拟不同微塑料丰度与施氮量下的累积入渗量。
Abstract：To investigate the effects of microplastic abundance and nitrogen application rates on soil water nitrogen transport characteristics, a one-dimensional soil column simulation experiment was conducted indoors.The study examined the impact of two polyethylene microplastic abundances(low abundance 0.3%,A; high abundance 0.6%,B) and two nitrogen application rates(300, 600 mg/L) on soil infiltration wet front, cumulative infiltration volume, and nitrate nitrogen content, alongside two nitrogen-free treatments and a control group, totaling seven treatments.Simultaneously, soil profile moisture content was monitored.Soil moisture front advancement, cumulative infiltration volume, and nitrate nitrogen content were measured, while soil profile moisture content was monitored and fitted to a moisture front advancement model and two primary infiltration models.Results indicated: under no nitrogen application, high microplastic abundance promoted soil water infiltration while low microplastic abundance slowed it; high nitrogen application generally enhanced infiltration, with low microplastic abundance showing superior infiltration capacity compared to high microplastic abundance, which exhibited stronger nitrogen retention; low nitrogen application generally inhibited infiltration.Low microplastic abundance exhibited greater infiltration inhibition than high abundance, yet demonstrated superior nitrogen retention capacity.The relationship between wetting front migration distance and time across treatments followed power-law functions, with both Kostiakov and Philip models effectively simulating cumulative infiltration under varying microplastic abundances and nitrogen application rates.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:X505;S152.7
引用信息:
[1]蒋耿民,张航,徐俊,等.微塑料丰度与施氮量对土壤水氮运移特性的影响研究[J].南阳师范学院学报,2026,25(01):34-41.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目“活性污泥源抗菌肽的生成调控及作物抗病机制研究”(52500163); 河南省科技攻关计划项目“基于覆膜进程控制的节水增效技术研究”(182102310838); 南阳师范学院大学生实践教学活动创新项目“微塑料及施氮量对土壤水氮运移特性的影响探究”(SPCP2024399);南阳师范学院STP项目“改性生物炭对豫南地区农田土壤水肥高效利用的影响研究”(2026STP008)